Preparing for Your Affirmative Asylum Interview

If you do not speak English you will be interviewed through an interpreter who you bring with you to the interview.

We do not provide any interpreters during the asylum interview, except if you are deaf or hard of hearing. If you are deaf or hard of hearing and need assistance in obtaining an appropriate interpreter, contact the asylum office with jurisdiction over your case in advance of your scheduled asylum interview.

You must bring an interpreter if you do not speak English well enough to be interviewed in English. The interpreter must be fluent in English and a language you speak fluently and must be at least 18 years old.

The following individuals cannot serve as your interpreter:

• Your attorney or representative;
• A witness testifying on your behalf at the interview; or
• A representative or employee of the government of your country.

The regulation relating to interpreters can be found at 8 CFR 208.9(g).

If you do not bring a competent interpreter to your interview and you cannot speak English, we will cancel and reschedule your interview. This is considered a delay caused by you. If you have filed Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, and there are any outstanding delays in the adjudication of your asylum application that you caused, we will deny your Form I-765.

Although we do not provide interpreters for the interview, we use contract interpreters to monitor asylum interviews at local asylum offices and other locations by telephone. In general, the role of the contract interpreter is limited to monitoring your interpreter’s interpretation. Contract interpreters may be expected to occasionally interject if your interpreter fails to provide adequate, accurate, and neutral interpretation.

You have the right to bring an attorney or representative to your asylum interview and to immigration proceedings before the immigration court, at no cost to the U.S. government. You may obtain a list of pro bono (free or reduced cost) attorneys and community-based, non-profit organizations that may be available to assist you by:

• Visiting the Avoid Scams page;
• Visiting the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Access Programs (OLAP) website. This site provides information on the Recognition and Accreditation Program.
• Visiting OLAP’s website which provides a list of free legal service providers by state: www.usdoj.gov/eoir/probono/states.htm; or
• Contacting the USCIS Field Office or asylum office near your home.

You and your attorney or representative must submit Form G-28, Notice of Entry of Appearance as Attorney or Accredited Representative, to USCIS in order for your attorney or representative to accompany you to your asylum interview. 

If you are scheduled for an asylum or NACARA 203 interview at an asylum office and you have an attorney or an accredited representative, they may participate in your interview remotely by telephone.

To participate remotely, they must complete Form G-1593, Certification by Attorney or Accredited Representative for Remote Participation in an Affirmative Asylum and/or NACARA 203 Interview, and submit it to the asylum office where we have scheduled your interview.

Please carefully read the information on Form G-1593 and consult with your attorney or accredited representative to determine whether you want them to participate remotely.

The filing of Form G-28 does not prevent asylum offices from processing an application even if your attorney is not present. If an asylum office denies your request to reschedule an interview and your attorney is not available for the interview, you can either sign a waiver and continue with the interview without your attorney or accept referral to the immigration court. If you accept referral to the immigration court, your case will be treated as though you failed to appear at your asylum interview. Although you have the right to have an attorney or representative present at the interview, you are responsible for ensuring that your attorney/representative is present for the interview.

Representatives of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) may be able to assist you in identifying individuals who can help you complete your Form I-589. Please contact the UNHCR for more information:

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1775 K Street, NW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20006
Telephone: (202) 296-5191
Website: https://www.unhcr.org/

Your interview will generally last at least an hour, although the time may vary depending on your case. You will be asked to take an oath promising to tell the truth during the interview. Your interpreter will also take an oath promising to interpret accurately and truthfully. The asylum officer will verify your identity, ask you basic biographical questions and the reasons you are applying for asylum, and questions to determine if any bars will prevent you from applying for or being granted asylum.

For more information on the bars to asylum, please visit our Asylum Bars page.

The asylum officer will know that it may be difficult for you to talk about traumatic and painful experiences that caused you to leave your country. However, it is very important that you talk about your experiences so that the asylum officer can determine whether you qualify for a grant of asylum.

The information you share with the asylum officer is confidential. In general, information related to your asylum claim cannot be shared with third parties without your written consent or specific authorization by the Secretary of Homeland Security. There are certain exceptions to this rule, however, which can be found in the confidentiality regulation (See 8 CFR 208.6). For more information on confidentiality and the asylum process, please visit our Fact Sheet on Asylum Confidentiality .

You and your attorney or representative, if you have one present, will have time at the end of the interview to make a statement or add any additional information. A decision on your case will not be made at the asylum interview. For the legal regulations governing asylum interviews, see 8 CFR 208.9.

Shortly after you miss your interview, you will receive a “Failure to Appear Warning Letter” from the asylum office where your interview was scheduled to occur. This letter explains the consequences of missing your interview and how to request a rescheduled interview before referral to immigration court for removal proceedings.

If we receive your request within 45 days after your missed interview date, you must establish good cause for failing to appear for your interview.

If we receive your request more than 45 days after your missed interview date, you must establish exceptional circumstances for failing to appear.

If 46 days have passed and the asylum office has not received a request to reschedule your interview and:

1. You are not in lawful immigration status,the asylum office will refer your case to an immigration judge for adjudication before EOIR and send you a “Referral Notice for Failure to Appear.” (For information on requests made after a case is referred to the immigration court, see the Establishing Good Cause or Exceptional Circumstances page.)
2. You are in lawful immigration status,the asylum office will administratively close your case and send you a “Dismissal of Asylum Application – Failure to Appear.”

We will consider your failure to appear for your asylum interview an applicant-caused delay with regard to employment authorization. You may file a Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, based on your pending asylum application 150 days after you filed your asylum application. You are not eligible to receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) until your asylum application has been pending for at least another 30 days, for a total of 180 days.

More information about establishing exceptional circumstances is available on the Establishing Good Cause or Exceptional Circumstances webpage.

If you need to reschedule your interview before the scheduled appointment, you must either:

• Mail, fax or email a letter to the asylum office where your interview is scheduled to be held; or
• Go to that asylum office and complete an In-Person Reschedule Request.

The asylum office will not honor a request to reschedule received by telephone. A request to reschedule an asylum interview must include the reason for the request and any relevant evidence.

We will notify you in writing whether or not your interview will be rescheduled. We will send you a new interview appointment notice with the new interview date, time and location. For the purpose of employment authorization, an approved request to reschedule is an applicant-caused delay that will be resolved on the date you appear for your rescheduled appointment. You may file a Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, based on your pending asylum application 150 days after you filed your asylum application. You are not eligible to receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) until your asylum application has been pending for at least another 30 days, for a total of 180 days. 8 CFR 208.7(a)(1).

You must prove that your request for rescheduling is due to good cause, if you need to reschedule and:

• You have already rescheduled your interview 1 time; or
• You are requesting to reschedule on the date of the interview; or
• You failed to appear for your interview and you are making your request within 45 days of the missed interview date.

You must prove that your request for rescheduling is due to exceptional circumstances if:

• You failed to appear for your interview and you are making your request more than 45 days after your missed interview date.

Exceptional circumstances are a higher standard than good cause. More information about establishing good cause and exceptional circumstances is available on the Establishing Good Cause or Exceptional Circumstances webpage.

NOTE:Rescheduling your interview will result in an applicant-caused delay that will remain unresolved until you appear for your rescheduled interview.

NOTE: If the interview notice was not mailed to the most recent address you provided to USCIS, then the asylum office will reschedule the interview without requiring that you show good cause or exceptional circumstances.

Find addresses and locations for USCIS asylum offices are available on the Asylum using the Asylum Office Locator.

More Information

• Employment Authorization Document
• ABT Class Action

Office Locators

• Service Center Locator
• Asylum Office Locator

Non-USCIS Links

• Executive Office for Immigration Review
• Immigration and Customs Enforcement Office of Chief Counsel